India is the fourth largest oilseeds producer in the world. It has 20.8% of the total area under cultivation globally, accounting for 10% of global production. The country produces groundnut, soybean, sunflower, sesamum, Niger seed, mustard, and safflower oilseeds. Nearly 72% of the oilseed area is restricted to rainfed farming done by small farmers which leads to poor productivity. However, a breakthrough was realized in oilseed production by introducing the latest crop production technologies. According to third advanced estimates of production, the total Oilseeds production in the country during 2022-23 is estimated at record 409.96 lakh MT which is higher by 30.33 lakh tonnes than the previous year’s oilseeds production. The production of oilseeds in India has been growing for the last five years. In 2022-23, the production of the country was 40.9 million tonnes. From the years 2015-16 to 2022-23, the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of production was 5%. This was achieved due to the implementation of various programs like special programmes on mustard & rapeseed during Rabi and cluster demonstrations of improved technology by the Government of India. The largest oilseed-producing states in India include Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. Out of these states, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra are the top producers with a share of about 20%, 20%, 19% and 16% of the total production, respectively.